Corporate Finance and Governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corporate Finance and Governance - Essay Example "It has long been recognised that the recognition of risk is an important component in capital budgeting decisions. The future is uncertain and investment appraisal techniques that fail to recognise this fact will almost certainly lead to incorrect conclusions and erroneous recommendations." (Brookfield, 1995) "In a longitudinal survey of capital budgeting practices of large UK companies between 1975 and 1992, substantial increase in the usage of discounted cash flow (DCF) and risk appraisal techniques were reported. Despite the increased usage of the more theoretically sound discounting techniques, several writers in both the UK and US have claimed that companies are underinvesting because they misapply or misinterpret DCF techniques. It has been asserted by several writers that firms are guilty of rejecting worthwhile investments because of the improper treatment of inflation in the financial appraisal. Many firms are understating NPVs and IRRs because of the incorrect treatment of inflation and the use of excessively high discount rates. Concern has also been expressed by various commentators that many companies are failing to invest in advanced manufacturing technologies (AMT) as fully as they should. Financial appraisal techniques have been cited as a major reason for the under-invest ment in new manufacturing technology. DCF procedures should not be ignored or relegated in importance merely because they might be used incorrectly. Instead, decision-makers should recognize potential problems and be careful to ensure that the financial appraisal is performed correctly." (Colin and Mike, 1986) "In a world in which information is not costlessly and symmetrically available to all economic agents, corporate project choices do not abide by the golden rule that all positive NPV projects should be accepted. In a sense, this is somewhat unsettling because it is difficult to prescribe simple rules for managers, and there has been little normative research into optimal capital allocation policies in different types of informationally constrained environments. However, the contemporary research highlights the pitfalls of policy-oriented discussions about corporate investment behaviour and managerial compensation packages that rely on the prescriptions of the traditional, symmetric-information paradigm of capital budgeting and financing. The research done to date indicates that many interesting things can happen under asymmetric information, none of which may be irrational, but some of which could be deleterious to the shareholders' welfare." (Thakur, 1993) Given these observations about investment appraisal techniques and DCF techniques, in particular, this report aims to assess the feasibility of using traditional investment appraisal techniques, while incorporating real-time variables such as risk and uncertainties. In particular, the report focuses on NPV as a basis for capital budgeting and evaluates how the concepts of risk-adjusted discount rates and sensitivity analysis can bolster traditional NPV estimation and thus provide business managers with realistic and flexible options when it comes to assessing the suitability and profitability of a particular investment or project. Accordingly, the  management approach should not be limited to using a fixed number of investment appraisal techniques; rather they should be more flexible while appraising the gains from a particular investment.     

Segmentation Essay Example for Free

Segmentation Essay Market segmentation is where marketers split the market into groups with similarities that would make it easy to target their product to the consumers, if they do not do this then they could waste money and time on targeting the wrong people. The company would be trying to maximise their sales so that they can gain as much money as possible. Using market segmentation could mean a business could gain a commercial advantage as they would be advertising to a specific audience, they would be matching target audience and the product effectively. Demographics are where the companies target market would be to a group because of their Gender, age, race/nationality, family size, occupation and education. For example McDonalds advertise happy meals to children because they would keep bugging their parents to take them to get them it. Geographic’s are where the companies target market would be to a group because of where they live, for example an expensive store wouldn’t come to Burnley because most of the residents are working class and don’t have a lot of money. Psychographics are where the companies target market would be to a group because of personality, lifestyle and interests. For example subway would advertise to people with a healthy lifestyle. These segmentation methods are used to split up the market so business can find the perfect target market, if companies didn’t use these methods then the companies wouldn’t have a good understanding of the people they are trying to advertise to. ACORN or A Classification of Residential Neighbourhoods, is used to segment the market into different classifications, the classifications are split up into 5 categories, which are: †¢ Wealthy Achievers – wealthy people who already have good, well-paid jobs, †¢ Urban Prosperity – wealthy people who are aspiring to have good, well-paid jobs, †¢ Comfortably Off – people aren’t particularly wealthy but have a decent sized house etc. †¢ Hard Pressed lower classed people, who are live in high rise flats etc. Moderate Means – working class people, live in terraces. Another method of segmentation the public are is a system created by Experian called Mosaic, this assigns people to groups based on their post code, neighbourhood etc. and it makes assumptions about peoples likes, dislikes and lifestyles based on their postcode area. †¢ A Career professionals living in sought after locations †¢ B Younger families living in newer h omes †¢ C Older families living in suburbia D Close-knit, inner city and manufacturing town communities †¢ E Educated, young, single people living in areas of transient populations †¢ F People living in social housing with uncertain employment in deprived areas †¢ G Low income families living in estate based social housing †¢ H Upwardly mobile families living in homes bought from social landlords †¢ I Older people living in social housing with high care needs †¢ J Independent older people with relatively active lifestyles †¢ K People living in rural areas far from urbanisation McDonalds target markets are happy meals, saver menu, portion sizes, fillet o’Fish, breakfast and hot drinks; the happy meal is targeted towards children as they will use pester power to make their parents take them to McDonalds. They sell small portions that contain a healthy snack and you get a free toy in them, the toy is themed towards a children’s cartoon film, they normally advertise on nickelodeon, cartoon network and Disney channel because that’s what most children watch. They advertise after 3 o’clock because that’s when most children get home from school as if they advertised before 3 o’clock then not a lot of children would see it; the happy meal would also suit the elderly as they won’t be able to eat a big meal. The saver menu would suit students and people who don’t have a lot of money; it would suit students as they won’t have to spend a lot of money on the larger meals and they can spend it more important things or going out at the weekend. It would suit people who don’t have a lot of money as they are relatively small portions and it is only 99p for a burger so it is a cheap. The portion sizes would be good for when people who aren’t particularly hungry or they are really hungry, as if they aren’t hungry they can get a medium meal, If they are really hungry they can get the large meals. This is good as it creates more of a target market for McDonalds to attract. The Fillet o’Fish as people who don’t like eating meat can get this instead of just getting chips, this is good as well as it McDonalds look like they are family orientated and they don’t miss anyone out. The McDonalds breakfast suits people who have to get up early as they do normal breakfast meals instead of a burger they could get sausage or something else. The hot drinks are good for when it is winter as people won’t want cold drinks as they would want warm drinks like coffee or hot chocolate etc. McDonalds will have a variety of different targets for their products and services. 4 examples can look at: Families: Families are targets as when families go out, they normally go to places that the kids will enjoy as if the kids aren’t happy, then parents will not be happy as they will be seeing their children unsatisfied with where they are. McDonalds will advertise all they can to make it look more appealing to all generations of families, These services aim towards providing friendly environments for the customers to have fun at and enjoy meals at affordable prices. They will be close families, as they will be visiting places with the idea of where is best suitable for the kids and themselves to enjoy themselves. The gender is not again specific as families could be of mixed gender. The age range will be from 1+ as a nice little outing to McDonald’s with the family is always nice. Parents with Children: parents with children will take their child to McDonald’s to give their children a treat. This is a product that McDonalds has produced to attract children between the ages of 1-10, as it has a free toy with the meal it is aiming to attract children and not only will the food be a treat but they will also get a free toy to play with. The target markets for happy meals is the parents buying their children food will be identified as young children ranging from ages of 1-10 as the toys that come with the happy meals look suitable for children of that age. Teenagers: Teenagers usually have limits to how much they can spend on food, As they may have limited pocket money or more important ideas of something they may want to purchase so cannot afford to spend their money on fast food. This is why they are attracted to the saver menu, the saver menu is where you can buy food for a reasonably price. Also teenagers are known to be the main users of social networking sites and users of the internet, so the idea of free WIFI access available in their restaurants is also another way to attract people to their restaurants. So, the target market for the saver menu will be identified as someone who wants to enjoy McDonald’s at an affordable price and the target market for the free wifi will be mainly teenagers as a stop at a restaurant for a quick check of their social networking sites will tempt them to buy something quick to enjoy whilst they are in the store. The age range for both the saver menu and WI-FI will be from 16+ as people from the age of 16 + are identified to be the age range of social networking sites and the saver menu is for everyone. Local Workers: Whilst on their breaks; local workers may pop in to the closest McDonalds, they have nearest to them to have a hot meal as it’s usually served very quickly and this makes it very efficient for the workers as they may have a short break. The lifestyle of these regular workers will be busy as they are working and may not have enough time in mornings to prepare dinner before they leave so they visit cafe/restaurants that are close by to eat in at and then head back to work. Also, they will need reasonable prices as they may have budgets for their dinner/meals. Gender of local workers will also not be specific in this case as you can be of any gender to have a job. The age range will be that of 18+ to about 65, as 18 is the age you most people start working and usually people retire at 65 and are not likely to be regular customers, as fast food places as due to being older than maybe teenagers, they have to be more careful with their diets as they can be more affected easily health wise with regular takeaway consuming. A Business Person: a business person will visit McDonalds during the morning, maybe for a brew or the breakfast, Also their food can be eaten in a vehicle without it affecting a busy work schedule, as they can use the drive thru, McDonalds have many drive thru’s which is a service that makes it efficient for people that may not have enough time to eat in to enjoy their products in their vehicles. The target market for a drive thru will be busy people that do not have enough time to eat in. The gender for business customers will be both male and female as in the modern world. The age range of established and busy business people is most likely to be about 30+.

The Contradictory Nature of Soft Determinism :: essays research papers fc

The Contradictory Nature of Soft Determinism I. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"There is a continuum between free and unfree, with many or most acts lying somewhere in between.† (Abel, 322) This statement is a good summation of how Nancy Holmstrom’s view of free will allows for degrees of freedom depending on the agent’s control over the situation. Holmstrom’s main purpose in her Firming Up Soft Determinism essay was to show that people can have control over the source of their actions, meaning that people can have control over their desires and beliefs, and because of this they have free will. She also tried to show that her view of soft determinism was compatible with free will and moral responsibility. While Holmstrom’s theory about the self’s being in control, willingness to participate, and awareness of an act causes the act to be free, has some merit, her choice to incorporate soft determinism ultimately proved to invalidate her theory. II. Exposition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Nancy Holmstrom’s Firming Up Soft Determinism essay she set out to prove that people can have control over their desires and beliefs, and therefore are in control of the sources of their actions. She believed it was possible to carry on the view of soft determinism and still hold that we are free to choose and we are at times able to do otherwise. She believed that the standard soft determinist position was inadequate. Her thought was that soft determinists had too limited of a notion of what is required for an agent to be in charge of their actions. The common soft determinist stance was that the agent do what it pleased; the soft determinists simply ignore the question of whether the agent was in control of the sources that caused the actions. Holmstrom’s theory was that â€Å"just because some causes of desires and beliefs, such as brainwashing, make actions resulting from them unfree, it does not follow that any cause of desires and beliefs has the same implications for the freedom of actions resulting from them.† (Abel, 321)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Holmstrom believed that the notion of having control is the heart of the notion of freedom. In order to have control by Holmstrom’s theory the agent must be an important part of the causal process, and the agent must also be aware of its control. An example of this is illustrated by a person accidentally squashing an ant while walking. While the person did play an important part in the demise of the ant, the person was not aware of the action; therefore, the person was not in control of the ant’s life.

District Nurse Essay

Who is a district nurse? A district nurse is a type of nurse that works in the community rather in the hospitals. They help by supporting and caring for the patients in care homes or residential homes. P1. Identify the forms of communication. Working in care is about communication and relationship .It is simply not possible to provide care without developing communication or relationship with the patients. That’s why it is important as a carer to know how to build a relationship with the patients. Communication is about much more than just conversation. There are three forms of communication they are: 1. Contexts. 2. Forms of communication. 3. Alternative forms of communication. M1. Describe the forms of communication. Today we will be looking at one of the forms of communication which is contexts. Some of the examples of contexts communication are: 1. One to one. 2. Groups. 3. Formal and informal. 4. With people using services. 5. Colleagues 6. Managers. One to one One-to-one in communicationis the act of an individual communicating with another. It is also called face to face communication. Groups. Group communication refers to communication between 3 or more individuals. Informal. Informal communication is less defined by strict measures and is characterized by colloquial language.The Antonym of informal is formal where formal communication is associated with the use of official medical/scientific language in documentation and to systematic policies and procedures. Both types of health information communication play important roles in shaping patient behaviour, ensuring patient safety and promoting the delivery of quality health. With people using services. It is good to have a fluent communication with the people using services and show them kindness so more people can come and use your service in a suitable way. Mangers. Every company has a manger and the work of the managers is to manage the company and make sure everything is running as expected. Managers mostly interact with their employers and see how far or how well they car doing the job. Colleagues. Colleagues are the people you work with let it be in a business area or other work places. Having a colleague is a good thing because you might feel more confident in talking to him.her. FORMS OF COMMUNICATION. This topic looks at forms of communication. There are many forms of communication that people around the world use to communicate with others. They are: 1. Verbal communication. 2. Non-verbal communication 3. Written communication. Verbal and non-verbal communication. Verbal communication refers to the way someone communicates by using words to present thoughts, ideas and feelings. Basically verbal communication is the ability to explain and show your ideas clearly through the spoken words. Unlike verbal communication, non-verbal communication refers to the messages people send out to express their thoughts and ideas without talking. There are many ways how non-verbal communications e.g. 1. Body language. 2. Facial expression. 3. Touch or contact. 4. Signs symbols and pictures. Body language. Body language is a type of non-verbal communication where by is the way to communicate by using your body instead of talking. For example the way someone sits or stands which is called posture can send messages. Head movement and hand movement might also indicate that you are sending or passing out a message. Facial expression. Facial expression refers to the way someone communicates by using his or her face. We can often tell how someone is feeling by looking at their face. For example if someone is happy there is a smile on her/his face. if someone is excited his/her eyes become wider. Touch or contact. Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal behavior. There has been a substantial amount of research on the importance of touch in infancy and early childhood. The deprivation of touch and contact impedes development. Touch can be used to communicate affection, familiarity, sympathy and other emotions. Signs, symbols and pictures. There are common signs and gestures that majority of people recognize without being taught. There are different types of signs that people and have a meaning. For example when waving to someone that means you are passing a message using signs. Symbols and pictures of all kind of different objects also communicate messages. Written communication. Written communication has great significance in today’s world. It is an innovative activity of the mind.. Speech came before writing. But writing is more unique and formal than speech. Effective writing involves careful choice of words, their organization in correct order in sentences formation as well as cohesive composition of sentences. Also, writing is more valid and reliable than speech. But while speech is spontaneous, writing causes delay and takes time as feedback is not immediate. Alternative forms of communication. There are many types of alternative forms of communication they are 1. Sign language. 2. Makaton. 3. Braille. 4. Technological aids. 5. Human aids. Sign language. As we said earlier sign language is the use of your body parts like facial expression, position, movement of the hands and arms. Sign language is mostly used by the disable people who have bad hearing problem. Makaton Language programme which uses signs and symbols to teach communication, language and literacy skills to people with communication and learning difficulties. It is designed to provide a means of communication to individuals who cannot communicate efficiently by speaking. Makaton has been effectively used with individuals who have cognitive impairments Braille. Braille is a system of writing for the blind consisting of raised dots that can be interpreted by touch, each dot or group of dots representing a letter, numeral, or punctuation mark Braille was devised in 1821 by Louise Braille, a Frenchman.. Technological aids. Basically a technological aid refers to the electronic aids people around the world use for communication. For examples mobile phones are used to pass messages from one person to another either by making calls or sending text messages. Computer is another technological aid that we use to do research and also for communication. Human aids. Human aids are special skilled people who help people communicate with each other. Examples are: 1. Interpreters. 2. Translators. 3. Signers. Interpreters and translators :.Interpreters are people who translate orally, while a translator interprets written text. Both interpreting and translation presuppose a certain love of language and deep knowledge of more than one tongue. The key skill of a very good translator is the ability to write well, to express him/her clearly in the target language. That is why professional translators almost always work in only one direction, translating only into their native language. Even bilingual individuals rarely can express themselves in a given subject equally well in two languages. And many excellent translators are far from being bilingual – they may not be, and need not be, fluent speakers of the source language (the language of the original text being translated). The key skills of the translator are the ability to understand the source language and the culture of the country where the text originated, and, using a good library of dictionaries and reference materials, renders that material into the target language. An interpreter, on the other hand, has to be able to translate in both directions, without the use of any dictionaries, on the spot. .

Children and young people workforce Essay

1. Identify a current a national legislation relevant to safeguarding children and young people’s welfare. The children act 2004 – This act requires every child, whatever their background or circumstance, to have the support they need to be healthy, be kept safe and to enjoy and achieve. 2. Identify two current local policies, procedures or guidance in relation to safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. – Child protection policy – Health and Safety policy 3. Complete the following table with two examples: Agency name (involved in safeguarding children and young people) Role of agency (in own work setting) Social Services Supports families and individuals and often play a leading role in safeguarding children and young people. Health Visitors They are responsible for the health of babies and children under the age of five. 4. Complete the following table. Types of child abuse List three characteristics for each type of child abuse Physical Unexplained injury Flinching when approached Repeated admission to hospital Emotional Mental health problems Poor self-esteem – Substance abuse Sexual Sadness/depression Loss of self-esteem Inappropriate sexual behaviour Neglect Unusual weight loss Untreated physical problems Unsafe living conditions Bullying Unequal treatment Harassment Deliberate exclusion 5. Complete the following table. Concerns that a colleague is: Give a description of the action to be taken in response Failing to comply with safeguarding procedures Failing to comply with safeguarding procedures will put a child or young person at risk. You would have to follow the settings safeguarding policy or immediately report it to the safeguarding co-ordinator or the supervisor. You would not discuss any of the matters with anyone else. Harming, abusing or bullying a child or young person To protect the child you would first inform the supervisor. If the allegation is against the supervisor you would then have to report the concerns to the designated person for child protection. 6. Describe the principles and boundaries of confidentiality and when to share information. When working with children or young people certain information has to be collected such as: Names Contact number Address Medical information To give out any information is a breach of confidentiality and should only be passed out on a need to know basis. For example, information should only be passed to others who deal with the child’s health, well being, welfare or protection.

Trumpet Fish Facts

Trumpet Fish Facts Trumpet fish are part of class Actinopterygii, which consists of ray-finned fish, and can be found in coral reefs throughout the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. There are three species of trumpet fish under the scientific name Aulostomus: the West Atlantic trumpetfish (A. maculatus), the Atlantic trumpetfish (A. strigosus), and the Chinese trumpetfish (A. chinensis). Their name is derived from the Greek words flute (aulos) and mouth (stoma) for their long mouths. Fast Facts Scientific Name: AulostomusCommon Names: Trumpetfish, Caribbean trumpetfish, stickfishOrder: SyngnathiformesBasic Animal Group: FishDistinguishing Characteristics: Long, slender bodies with a small mouth, varied colors.Size: 24-39 inchesWeight: UnknownLife Span: UnknownDiet: Small fish and crustaceansHabitat: Coral reefs and rocky reefs throughout the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans.Population: UnknownConservation Status: Least ConcernFun Fact: Male trumpet fish carry fertilized eggs with them until they hatch. Description Trumpet fish have elongated bodies and snouts leading into a small jaw. The lower jaw has small teeth, and their chin has a short barbel for defense. They also have a row of spines on their backs that can be raised to ward off predators, and their body is covered with small scales. Trumpet fish can grow anywhere from 24 to 39 inches depending on the species, with A. chinesis reaching up to 36 inches, A. maculatus averaging 24 inches, and A. strigosus reaching up to 30 inches. Their coloration helps them blend in with their environment, and they can even change their colors for stealth and during their mating ritual. Habitat and Distribution Trumpetfish in Chichiriviche de la Costa,Venezuela,Caribbean Sea. Humberto Ramirez/Moment/Getty Images A. maculatus are found in the Caribbean sea and off the northern coasts of South America, A. chinensis are found throughout the Pacific and Indian oceans, and A. strigosus are found in the Atlantic ocean off the coast of Africa and parts of South America. They live in coral reefs and reef flats in the tropical and subtropical waters in these areas. Diet and Behavior A trumpet fish’s diet consists of small fish and crustaceans, as well as occasionally larger fish. For larger prey, trumpet fish swim near large herbivorous fish to hide and ambush their prey. To catch smaller food, they float in a vertical, head-down position among corals to conceal themselves- a technique that also hides them from predators- and wait for their prey to come across their path. They capture them by suddenly expanding their mouth, which generates a suction strong enough to draw in their prey. Additionally, they can also consume fish larger than the diameter of their mouths due to the elasticity of their tissue. Reproduction and Offspring Not much is known about trumpet fish reproduction, but trumpet fish begin courtship via a dancing ritual. Males use their color changing abilities and dance to win over females. This ritual occurs close to the surface. After the ritual, females transfer their eggs to the males to fertilize and care for until they hatch. Like seahorses, the males care for the eggs, carrying them in a special pouch. Species Trumpetfish. Daniela Dirscherl/WaterFrame/Getty Images Plus There are three species of Aulostomus: A. maculatus, A. chinensis, and A. strigosus. The coloration of these fish changes depending on the species. A. maculatus are most commonly reddish-brown but also can be grey-blue and yellow-green with black spots. A. chinensis can be yellow, reddish-brown, or brown with pale bands. The most common colors for A. strigosus are brown or blue, green or orange tones, or intermediate shades. They also have a pattern of pale, vertical/horizontal lines across their body. A. chinensis are seen in shallow reef flats of at least 370 feet. They can be seen swimming close to coral or rocky sea floors or floating motionless under ledges. A. strigosus are a more coastal species and are found over rocky or coral substrates in inshore waters. A. maculatus range in depth from 7-82 feet and are found close to coral reefs. Conservation Status All three species of Aulostomus are currently designated as least concern according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, the A. maculatus population has been found to be decreasing, while the populations of A. chinensis and A. strigosus are currently unknown. Sources Aulostomus chinensis. IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species, 2019, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/ 65134886/82934000.Aulostomus maculatus. IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species, 2019, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/16421352/16509812.Aulostomus strigosus. IUCN Red List Of Threatened Species, 2019, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/ 21133172/112656647.Bell, Elanor, and Amanda Vincent. Trumpetfish | Fish. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2019, https://www.britannica.com/ animal/trumpetfish.Bester, Cathleen. Aulostomus Maculatus. Florida Museum, 2019, https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/discover-fish/species-profiles/aulostomus-maculatus/. Eastern Atlantic Trumpetfish (Aulostomus Strigosus). Inaturalist, 2019, https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/47241-Aulostomus-strigosus. Trumpetfish. Lamar University, 2019, https://www.lamar.edu/arts-sciences/biology/marine-critters/marine-critters-2/trumpetfish.html. Trumpetfish. WaikÄ «kÄ « Aquarium, 2019, https://www.waikikiaquarium.org/experience/anim al-guide/fishes/trumpetfishes/trumpetfish/.

Free Essays on Beowulf Vs. Arthur

Every hero, as a general rule, desires to be remembered for more than one heroic tendency. Every hero in World Literature class has at least three common tendencies: to protect mankind from evil, to use his powers to rescue his family and friends from evil circumstances, and to earn immortality via his heroic tendencies. Beowulf, an Anglo-Saxon hero, has all three characteristics. His quest is to restore Herot, due to the mass destruction caused by the monster Grendel, the evilest of all evils. Grendel had been terrorizing the city, killing thousands of men in their sleep, depriving them the ability to fight back. King Hrothgar hired the brave knight Beowulf to defeat the creature of darkness. The knight boldly hunted Grendel and fought him with great might. At the end of that particular battle, Beowulf left with Grendel’s arm, his sign of triumph. Nevertheless, Grendel’s mother became furious over the death of her son, and decided that she needed to prolong her son’s rampage. She began the slaughter of innocent people in Herot. Beowulf commenced a brawl with her and soon had her head. Throughout his life, Beowulf was a man of many achievements. He was very victorious in battle, and for this Hrothgar chose him to defeat Grendel. When Beowulf killed Grendel and his mother, he also defeated the evil that they symbolized in the name of God. Beowulf made the Danes a peaceful people once again also, making him one of the greatest heroes to ever live. Everything Beowulf accomplished was through God. He boasted a protection by God, and won the battles fought in the Almighty’s name. This comitatus instilled fear into all of his opponents, even if they showed no sign of it. Just Beowulf’s touch would make a mortal man want to die. God gave him strength like no other man. He was strong enough to carry Grendel’s mother’s head when average men quivered at the very thought of lifting the monstrous thing. These sup... Free Essays on Beowulf Vs. Arthur Free Essays on Beowulf Vs. Arthur Every hero, as a general rule, desires to be remembered for more than one heroic tendency. Every hero in World Literature class has at least three common tendencies: to protect mankind from evil, to use his powers to rescue his family and friends from evil circumstances, and to earn immortality via his heroic tendencies. Beowulf, an Anglo-Saxon hero, has all three characteristics. His quest is to restore Herot, due to the mass destruction caused by the monster Grendel, the evilest of all evils. Grendel had been terrorizing the city, killing thousands of men in their sleep, depriving them the ability to fight back. King Hrothgar hired the brave knight Beowulf to defeat the creature of darkness. The knight boldly hunted Grendel and fought him with great might. At the end of that particular battle, Beowulf left with Grendel’s arm, his sign of triumph. Nevertheless, Grendel’s mother became furious over the death of her son, and decided that she needed to prolong her son’s rampage. She began the slaughter of innocent people in Herot. Beowulf commenced a brawl with her and soon had her head. Throughout his life, Beowulf was a man of many achievements. He was very victorious in battle, and for this Hrothgar chose him to defeat Grendel. When Beowulf killed Grendel and his mother, he also defeated the evil that they symbolized in the name of God. Beowulf made the Danes a peaceful people once again also, making him one of the greatest heroes to ever live. Everything Beowulf accomplished was through God. He boasted a protection by God, and won the battles fought in the Almighty’s name. This comitatus instilled fear into all of his opponents, even if they showed no sign of it. Just Beowulf’s touch would make a mortal man want to die. God gave him strength like no other man. He was strong enough to carry Grendel’s mother’s head when average men quivered at the very thought of lifting the monstrous thing. These sup...

Hammer-Headed Bat Facts (Big-Lipped Bat)

Hammer-Headed Bat Facts (Big-Lipped Bat) The hammer-headed bat is a real animal, and its scientific name (Hypsignathus monstrosus) references its monstrous appearance. Indeed, websites and social media describe the hammer-headed bats appearance as the spitting image of a devil and even claim that its a cryptid known as the Jersey Devil. Despite its fearsome attributes, however, this bat is a mild-mannered fruit-eater. Nevertheless, you shouldnt get too close, because its one of three species of African fruit bat believed to carry the Ebola virus. Fast Facts: Hammer-Headed Bat Scientific Name: Hypsignathus monstrosusCommon Names: Hammer-headed bat, hammerhead bat, big-lipped batBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: Wingspan 27.0-38.2  inches; Body 7.7-11.2  inchesWeight: 7.7-15.9 ouncesLifespan: 30 yearsDiet: HerbivoreHabitat: Equatorial AfricaPopulation: UnknownConservation Status: Least Concern Description The hammer-headed bat is a type of megabat and the largest bat native to Africa. Both males and females are grayish brown, with brown ears and flight membranes, and tufts of white fur at the base of the ears. An adult bat ranges from 7.7 to 11.2 in body length, with a wingspan of 27.0 to 38.2  in. Males range in weight from 8.0 to 15.9  oz, while females weigh 7.7 to 13.3  oz. Male hammer-headed bats are larger than females and look so different from their mates that it would be easy to think they belonged to a different species. Only the males have large, elongated heads. Female hammer-headed bats have the fox-faced appearance common to most fruit bats. This hammer-headed bat looks unnaturally large because it is closer to the camera than its handler. Per Se, Flickr The hammer-headed bat is sometimes confused with Wahlbergs epauletted fruit bat (Epomophorus wahlbergi), which belongs to the same family but is smaller. Wahlbergs epauletted fruit bat (Epomophorus wahlbergi) also has a hammer-head face. Michele DAmico supersky77 / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Hammer-headed bats occur across equatorial Africa at elevations below 1800 m (5900 ft). They favor humid habitats, including rivers, swamps, mangroves, and palm forests. Hammer-headed bat distribution map. Chermundy Diet Hammer-headed bats are frugivores, which means their diet consists entirely of fruit. While figs are their favored food, they also eat bananas, mangoes, and guavas. The bat has a longer intestine than that of an insectivorous species, allowing it to absorb more protein from its food. There is a sole report of a bat eating a chicken, but no carnivorous activity has been substantiated. The bats are preyed upon by humans and birds of prey. They are also susceptible to severe parasite infestations. Hammer-headed bats are prone to infection by mites and Hepatocystis carpenteri, a protozoan that affects the liver. The species is a suspected reservoir for the Ebola virus, but as of 2017, only antibodies against the virus (not the virus itself) have been found in the animals. Whether or not the bats can transmit Ebola infection to humans is unknown. Behavior During the day, the bats roost in trees, relying on their coloration to camouflage them from predators. They pick and eat fruit at night. One reason large bats such as the hammer-headed bat are nocturnal is because their bodies generate considerable heat when they are flying. Being active at night helps keep the animals from overheating. Reproduction and Offspring Breeding takes place during dry seasons for some populations and at any time of the year for others. Most members of this bat species reproduce via lek mating. In this type of mating, males gather in groups of 25 to 130 individuals to perform a mating ritual consisting of wing flapping and loud honking. Females fly through the group to evaluate potential mates. When a females selection is made, she lands beside a male and mating occurs. In some hammer-headed bat populations, males perform their display to attract females, but do not form groups. Females usually give birth to one offspring. The time required for gestation and weaning is unclear, but females are known to mature more quickly than males. Females reach sexual maturity at 6 months of age. It takes males a full year to develop their hammer-head faces and about 18 months before they reach maturity. The bat has a life expectancy of thirty years in the wild. Conservation Status The conservation status of the hammer-headed bat was last evaluated in 2016. The bat is categorized as least concern. Although the animal is hunted as bush meat, it occupies a large geographic range and the overall population has not experienced a rapid decline. Sources Bradbury, J. W. Lek Mating Behavior in the Hammer-headed Bat. Zeitschrift fà ¼r Tierpsychologie 45 (3): 225–255, 1977. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1977.tb02120.xDeusen, M. van, H. Carnivorous Habits of Hypsignathus monstrosus. J. Mammal. 49 (2): 335–336, 1968. doi:10.2307/1378006Langevin, P. and R. Barclay. Hypsignathus monstrosus. Mammalian Species 357: 1–4, 1990. doi:10.2307/3504110Nowak, M., R.  Walkers Bats of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp.  63–64, 1994.Tanshi, I. Hypsignathus monstrosus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10734A115098825. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T10734A21999919.en

An analysis of the policies introduced by the Office of the Mayor of Essay

An analysis of the policies introduced by the Office of the Mayor of London - Essay Example The GLA has power deliberated to perform duties in various parts of the city (Greater London Authority 2012). It has four bodies that range from the London Development agency, The Metropolitan police authority, which is in charge of security in the city, The Emergency planning authority that deals with the disaster, and the London fire brigade. The role of the mayor of London The mayor of London`s job basically ranges from developing policies, setting budgets, as well as ensuring that London is well marketed globally. The mayor has powers and duties to ensure that there is absolute promotion of both the economic social and environmental improvement (Greater London Authority 2012). That is perhaps what may be termed as â€Å"improving London for all†. Before putting any of his powers into action, the mayor has to first consult the city dwellers. Consequently, he must ensure that equality for all citizens is achieved. Being a mayor in London, means one is also in charge of all p olicies and plans for city. This covers all aspects ranging from panning, development, housing, health injustices, culture and other environmental issues including climate changes, noise pollution and health quality too. On improving London, the mayor has to set up budgets that must project the visions that improve London; this makes him to come up with the annual budget for the Greater London Authority and the entire GLA group, this includes the metropolitan police, fire brigade, transportation in London and the London Development agency (Great Britain: Parliament House of Commons: Justice Committee 2009). In addition to his duties, he holds executive positions, as well as non-executive ones, in different organizations. The need for reforms in housing policy The mayor argues that London has got the need to have better and quality housing delivered to the citizens. Due to long term housing pressure in London, it is evident that many have failed to meet the increasing demand of the r esidents in London. With this in mind, it is clear that the quality of life for London citizens have been clearly undermined especially for those who cannot afford the high rents for home in the open market. Despite the number of households registering as homeless decreasing over the years, the number of temporary accommodations has been increasing too. This leads to recording of two thirds of the total households in London. Over 150,000 household in London are overcrowded, this is more than half the total number nationwide. This means that overcrowding rates are now higher as compared to the private rented tenancies. The policies put in place would only do more harm than good because the estimated growth of the population would only increase to 80,000 by 2016 thus creating demand for over 300,000 households. Although the current new housing output is around 270000 new homes every year, only half of them can be affordable. Perhaps, that is why the London housing requirement study ha s identified a need to have 35000 increments of new homes yearly so as to meet the needs as per the projected growth (Greater London Authority 2012). According to the London Housing Capacity, there is enough land that can accommodate more than 31000 new homes every year. However, the significant increase in housing investments over the years means

Concentrated Solar Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Concentrated Solar Power - Essay Example The second chapter introduces us to possible solution to the problem stated in the introduction chapter. In the third chapter, various aspects of the solution are analyzed. In this case, the research has clearly explained justifications for using the solution outlined. The conclusion gives a summary of main ideas outlined in the research. In addition, various recommendations have been presented for potential advancement of this technology. We have analyzed various ways through which the lighting problem in the rural areas and other areas that are not connected to the grid can be lighted up. In addition, we have been focussing on the ways that can be adopted in order to in the installation scale down the electricity bills payable by consumers for the power supply. One of the main openings to providing a solution for the stated problems is to utilize the solar energy. It is important to note that every single household is always connected to the solar energy; since it is freely availab le as a gift of nature. This report investigates a power system used to generate electricity for powering domestic holdings, business and industries. The essay makes various recommendations for effective installation of solar panels to ensure that maximum power will be produced. In addition, this work provides technical skills for technicians involved in the installation. This research has been conducted with the aim of unmasking the potential that the solar energy possess if it was fully exploited.

Homicide Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Homicide - Case Study Example This paper, therefore, seeks to describe the characteristics of the criminal incident of Oscar Pistorius the amputee athlete who killed his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp in 2013. Further, it will discuss more about this type of crime in terms of its prevalence, trends and costs. Additionally, the paper will discuss three theories that include: rational choice theory, trait theory, social structure theory in relation to this kind of homicide incident. Finally the paper will provide a brief conclusion on the suitable theory that most explains Pistorius’ Murder, discuss the implications of the theory for criminal justice policy, and what the criminal justice system should do to try to address the kind of murder committed by Pistorius. The criminal incident of focus is that of Oscar Pistorius, the amputee athlete who killed his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp in 2013. Harvey (2015) espouses that, in the month of February 2013, Pistorius, shot and killed Steenkamp in a toilet cubicle that was locked in Pretoria, South Africa. According to him, he shot the 28-year-old girlfriend believing she was an intruder. He was then arrested the next day, and the legal procedure ensued. In a case classified as a homicide, on September 12, 2014, Pistorius was found guilty of culpable homicide and sentenced to a maximum of five years in prison. Smit, de Jong, & Bijleveld, (2012) discuses: culpable homicide as existing in various jurisdictions of countries in the commonwealth and involves the illegal murder of an individual either intentionally or without the intention depending on the definition of the offence by the given jurisdiction. It adds that, as a cause of premature deaths globally, the evidence around this incident are more often scarce or hampered due to the missing information that characterizes the relationship between the victim and offender. As of 2013, 13.5% of homicides that took place were committed by partners in an intimate relationship. Of this, the proportion of

Cystic Fibrosis Community Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cystic Fibrosis Community Assessment - Essay Example a) Sex and Age: This is a heterogeneous community comprising of both males and females in almost equal ratios. Majority of the members are adults and are married. b) Income levels: Most individuals in this community are in the middle class and lower class. Many live within $10 a day.c) Occupations: With a few exceptions of white collar jobs, over 60% of the working class categories do the blue collar jobs. However, most women are merely house-wives.d) Educational levels: Most adults of the age above 50 years have elementary education, especially the women. The youths are quite learned and most are in colleges.e) Ethnic identities: Ethnically, this community is fairly heterogeneous. Half of the population is composed of the Whites. The next lager ethnic is Hispanic Americans. The Asian-Americans are the least. f) Family structures: Most families are nuclear; a few are extended. However, single parent homes consisting of widows and unmarried mothers are very commong) Lifestyle behavior s that influence health status: Poor eating habits by most individuals suffering from Cystic Fibrosis have always worsened their conditions by igniting Diabetes. The youths who engage in drug and substance abuse and unprotected sex also risk serious health problems.h) Health status: The prevalence of Cystic Fibrosis has rendered most people sicki) Health concerns: It is always very hard for the lay community to identify the symptoms of CF, thus, suffer for a quite a long time before diagnosis.

Report Analysis Quantitative Methods In B&M Statistics Project

Report Analysis Quantitative Methods In B&M - Statistics Project Example Thus, the countries or rather the observations are listed in a single column randomly; no alphabetical order is followed. Moreover, the four variables are listed in four different columns in order to link a country with its specific numeric variable. Thus, the outlay of the data makes it easy to read, analyze, interpret and even draw comparisons among the observations. From the summary above, GDP is the only variable which has no mode. Moreover, it has a positive skewness which implies that the data is evenly distributed. For the Inflation rate and employment rate variables, the data is negatively skewed. This implies the data is unevenly distributed. Finally, the Unemployment Rate variable has a positive skewness, with the median less than the mean. Thus, the data or rather the observations in this column are evenly distributed. From the above summary, the Gross Domestic Product is dependent on Inflation rate, Employment rate and Unemployment rate. Thus, the regression model that shows a relationship between the dependent and independent variables is as follows: Thus, inflation in a country alongside a high unemployment rate will definitely reduce the GDP. Moreover, placing all the variables at zero, the average GPD according to the model will be the Y- Intercept, for this case

Miracles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Miracles - Essay Example Importantly, the same underscores the nature of the Christian God as One who keeps His covenants. In Genesis, He gives Abraham a son, even if it is clear that Abraham was far from perfect. In Genesis, He protects the patriarchs miraculously in order to protect this covenant and the promise of the Messiah. For instance, God miraculously preserves Abraham from Pharaoh and Isaac from Abimelech. As a Sovereign Being, the God of the Bible has the right to annul contents of His covenants whimsically or justifiably, but He keeps His covenant instead. The miracles also reveal the nature of God as Just as He avenges the Israelites at the hands of Pharaoh, vis-Ã  -vis, the Ten Plagues of Egypt. Just as has been previously mentioned, God uses miracles to reveal not only His nature and Person, but also His name, as can be seen in Exodus 3. Miracles also prove God’s sovereignty over nature as is the case of the splitting of the Red Sea (Elwell, 1997). It is also important to acknowledge the fact that as co-workers with man, God can use man as the instrument through which His miraculous power and providence flows. Moses, Elijah, Elisha, Isaiah and Jeremiah are some of the people through whose hands miraculous works were wrought. In the New Testament, Jesus is the focal point of these miracles: He is the Miracle people had been waiting for (Isaiah 7:14); He is the miracle Worker; and the Person by whom God by His Spirit performs miracles. As such, the creative power is seen in Jesus giving sight to the blind and God’s power over death is seen in Jesus resurrecting Lazarus, Jairus’ daughter and later on Himself. God’s sovereignty over nature is seen in Him walking over water and rebuking the storm. All the revelation and intent that God wanted to communicate in the Old Covenant is fully and more clearly revealed, illustrated and expounded in the Person of Christ. The starting point for anyone

Report Analysis Quantitative Methods In B&M Statistics Project

Report Analysis Quantitative Methods In B&M - Statistics Project Example Thus, the countries or rather the observations are listed in a single column randomly; no alphabetical order is followed. Moreover, the four variables are listed in four different columns in order to link a country with its specific numeric variable. Thus, the outlay of the data makes it easy to read, analyze, interpret and even draw comparisons among the observations. From the summary above, GDP is the only variable which has no mode. Moreover, it has a positive skewness which implies that the data is evenly distributed. For the Inflation rate and employment rate variables, the data is negatively skewed. This implies the data is unevenly distributed. Finally, the Unemployment Rate variable has a positive skewness, with the median less than the mean. Thus, the data or rather the observations in this column are evenly distributed. From the above summary, the Gross Domestic Product is dependent on Inflation rate, Employment rate and Unemployment rate. Thus, the regression model that shows a relationship between the dependent and independent variables is as follows: Thus, inflation in a country alongside a high unemployment rate will definitely reduce the GDP. Moreover, placing all the variables at zero, the average GPD according to the model will be the Y- Intercept, for this case

Western Artists Have Approached The Orient At Various Moments With Research Paper

Western Artists Have Approached The Orient At Various Moments With Perfectly Honourable Intentions And Genuine Respect - Research Paper Example At the end of the paper the writer shall conclude by saying that the western artists indeed have approached the orient in a honourable and respected fashion, as the case ought to have been. Orientalism is a term, which is used in history fir the depiction of the Eastern art by the writers, artists, painters and authors belonging from the western countries. In order to understand the contribution of the western artists on orientalism, it is pertinent to understand the definition of orientalism. Following is the definition of Orientalism: â€Å"The countries of Asia, especially of eastern Asia.† Orient is the word, which has been given to the east and the art of the east, which consists of the Middle East, India, Turkey and North Africa. â€Å"Figures in Middle Eastern dress appear in Renaissance and Baroque works by such artists as Bellini, Veronese, and Rembrandt, and the opulent eroticism of harem scenes appealed to the French Rococo aesthetic.† The earliest indication s of Orient Art in the western culture started to show up in the 15th century, when the renaissance movement had started. The intermingling of the Western people with the Asian and the eastern culture was paramount and fundamental towards the development of Orientalism. Beginning of Orientalism: â€Å"In 1798, a French army led by General Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Egypt and occupied the country until 1801. The European presence in Egypt attracted Western travelers to the Near and Middle East, many of whom captured their impressions in paint or print. In 1809, the French government published the first installment of the twenty-four-volume Description de l'Egypte (1809–22), illustrating the topography, architecture, monuments, natural life, and population of Egypt.† Once the French initiated orientalism, more and more European nations started coming forwards by taking interest in the culture of the Middle East and eastern Asia. The taste for orientalism manifested itsel f in European architecture, the building styles and the furniture. Orientalism has positively influenced the design and art of the European architecture. Orientalism in Architecture: The Middle Eastern style of architecture had a major influence and was a source of inspiration for the European countries, as well as motivating them to build similar style of building in their own countries. The Guildhall, London, is an important example where the British adopted the Indian style of architecture during the late 17th century. The Indian style of architecture was also known as Hindoo Style of architecture. Another example of the Indian style of architecture is the Sezincote house, which was built from the inspiration of the nawab style of Bengal. The intermingling of the culture of the east with the western adaptation had already started once the British invaded India. It is imperative to state that the British were heavily inspired by the tomb style architecture of the Muslims and the N awabs, and that reflected in their sense of architecture design of the future. Apart from learning the influence of the Indian architecture, the Western people also took great influence form the Turkish style of construction, which was an integral part of the 19th century French architecture. French Orientalism: French orientalism kick started in the early 18th century after Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Egypt as part of his annexation agenda in Asia. The French invasion of Egypt has a great role to play to influence the French tribes and locals to start inheriting the Egypt form of art back to their home country. The major influence which the French took form Egypt was in the form of painting, especially oil

Factory Farming is cruel to animals Essay Example for Free

Factory Farming is cruel to animals Essay It is so amazing that most Americans are so caring of the animals they keep as pets, and yet are so unconcerned about the upbringing or disposition of the ones they cook for dinner. It is amazing how some Americans see themselves as sympathizing folks and animal lovers until they reflect on what they just ate. Society loves animals as pets, adopts them as extensions of their families, spend ridiculous amounts of money on them, and mourn their deaths. How is it that these same Americans are so indifferent towards the ones they cook for dinner (Arora, 2013)? Factory farms dominate U. S. food production, employing practices that severely abuse animals, puts an enormous strain on our natural resources, and threatens the Nation’s health. Factory farms provide cheap meat that is more affordable to more people, utilizes less real-estate, creates the avenue for more farming jobs to stay in the U.S, and allows cheap fast food to exist. These are really great advantages of the factory farming industry, but come at a tremendous cost. Factory farming puts an enormous strain on our natural resources. According to a report in Farmsanctuary (2013), the factory farming industry puts incredible strain on our natural resources. The extreme amount of waste created by raising so many animals in one place pollutes our land, air, and water (para. 2). Unmanaged and untreated waste that accumulates from combined animal operations is contributing to emissions that are rapidly warming the planet, creating water pollution, and dead zones in our oceans and lakes. The environments in which these animals are confined are severely contaminated and present a significant source for increased infection in their animals, especially poultry, their by-products and eventually humans (O’Brien, 2001). The preservation of our natural resources is important to our survival. If the accumulation of waste and byproducts are allowed to continue due to substandard practices of factory farming industries, our natural resources will continue to diminish. This depletion will inevitably contribute to or provide a catalyst for other problems like issues with our health. When it comes to our health, Americans are very concerned. They may turn a blind eye to the environmental fall-out caused by Factory farming, but they will raise their concerns about the health risks. Diseases like Salmonella, Mad cow, and breathing problems like asthma are increased because of the effects of factory farming on our natural resources. There is also an increase of antibiotic-resistant diseases being identified due to the substandard their practices. In the report from Farmsanctuary (2013), Residents of rural communities surrounding factory farms report high incidents of illness, and their property values are often lowered by their proximity to industrial farms. To counteract the health challenges presented by overcrowded, stressful, unsanitary living conditions, antibiotics are used extensively on factory farms, which can create drug-resistant bacteria and put human health at risk (para. 3). The consistent contact of factory farmed animals with these health hazards, combined with the abuse of antibiotics and growth hormones, as well as other drugs to boost productivity, greatly increases the possibility of infection and disease in its consumers. The byproducts created by theses practices pollute our drinking water and the land that these same farmers plant crops, further exasperating farming conditions by producing unhealthy crops that increase the health risk of consumers. If society only scratches the surface of life down on the factory farm, they will see that diseases like Mad Cow disease may be the tip of the iceberg. In a range of areas, from feeding regimes, to animal housing, to the use of drugs in the pursuit of productivity, human health may be threatened by factory farming (O’brien, 2001). The continued accumulation of waste, combined with the health risks that have become natural by products of Factory farming have become a significant threat to society. If something is not done to alleviate or significantly reduce these effects, the Nation may be on a path of self destruction through overzealous production of food to satisfy consumer consumption, meet consumer demands, and boost financial statuses of farmers in the industry. The main aspect that can be immediately addressed to improve Factory farming living is the living conditions in these factories. The overcrowding of animals at these farms creates a frustrated work environment that fosters accepted abuse, which in-turn amplifies the waste and health conditions. This vicious cycle perpetuates an issue that will inevitably lead to issues of epidemic proportion. A report by Long (2013), stated that, Chickens are crowded so tightly together that they can barely turn around, never seeing daylight or eating a single blade of grass. Beef cattle are finished in huge feedlots, standing all day in their own manure, again with no access to the fresh grass that has been their natural diet for thousands of years. (para. 1). These conditions may not sound so detrimental to some, but combined with the abuse they endure, the conditions are unbelievable and inhumane. Here are some examples given by Editorial Today (2008) on animal cruelty at these farms, Cows are still being forced to be cannibalistic, as they are fed blood, bone meal, and other miscellaneous aspects of other cows (no brain matter, but most everything else)†¦.. [ ] Veal calves are crammed in pens so small that they can’t move their limbs†¦..[ ] Animals are put in semi-darkness which in some cases, cause unbearable conditions (para. 7). And for the cultivation of â€Å"Foie gras† (a delicacy), farmers force-feed ducks and geese an unnatural amount and type of food until their livers become diseased and enlarge up to ten times their normal, healthy size (etoday, 2008). Finally, there are everyday, routine mutilations that are being conducted all in the name of productivity. Mutilations like castration, de-beaking, de-toeing, tail docking, and others. All of which are executed without any form of anesthesia. Why has this transformation happened and is allowed to continue one may ask? Well, the answer is simply to accommodate the mass meat industry and to satisfy the demand of a carnivorous society. It is the twentieth century ideology of modern economics and the assembly line, turning farm animals into number-tagged bodies to be fattened, disinfected, and processed as quickly and cheaply as possible (Arora 2013). Because of this demand, large numbers of animals are being raised in extreme confinement. They are regarded as commodities to be exploited for profit, not humane animals, able to feel pain and suffering, and possessing a soul. Factory farmed animals are bred to grow unnaturally fast and large for the purpose of maximizing meat, egg, and milk production for the food industry. Their bodies cannot support this growth, which results in debilitating and painful conditions and deformities (Farmsanctuary, 2013). Many in society are now getting their voices heard as they ask the question, â€Å"Isn’t there a better way to produce food?† If the practice of mass meat holocaust is allowed to continue at these Factory farms, there are several aspects of society that will continue to degrade. The significant contribution to diseases and natural resource depletion that taints the water, soil, and air of the external environment will perpetuate. These contaminants will continue to finds it’s way into human bodies as chemical pollutants (antibiotics, pharmaceuticals in the meat and our drinking water) and greatly affect other systems with consequences like birth defects and reduced life expectancy. And there is tradition. There natural passing down of tradition from generation to generation will be lost. All the first-hand knowledge and experience in the farming industry will silently be erased due to the limited raising, handling, basic interaction of livestock and farm animals in the modernity of the factory industry. Generations of farmers will grow up without the first-hand experience and knowledge of farming and the art will inevitably be lost. Several proactive groups and other agencies in government continue to advocate the reduction of inhumane and unhealthy practices in the factory farming industry at a vigorous rate. Yet consumers continue to partake, invest, and expand the factory farming industry. How is it possible that even after the education of the public on how animals are treated, most of us them still decide to continue the patronization of factory-farmed meat? An article in editorial today gave one answer when it stated, â€Å"We might conclude that the price we make animals pay, and the price we pay in sacrificing part of our humanity, are worth the benefits (para. 6).† Could this be true? Society is willfully to turn a blind eye to the cruelty because of the lust for meat? This raises another question, when and where does it end? How far is society will to go, and how much are they willing to sacrifice to receive fast, cheap meat? What will it take to rekindle their capacity for love and stop the abused process of obliteration? There are no easy answers to the myriad of questions. Factory farms continue to dominate U.S. food production, employing practices that severely abuse animals, putting a tremendous amount of strain on natural resources, and threatening the health of the nation with disease. However, there is one thought that has become accepted course of action amongst advocates. Consumers must eliminate or reduce the consumption of non-organic and inhumanely-raised beef, pork, chicken, meat, eggs, and dairy products, as well as farmed fish. Force Factory farmers and the meat industry to rethink their methods of production so that they, along with consumers, do not become the associate authors of a diseased, unsympathetic, cruel, and dying society. Mahatma Gandhi said it best, â€Å"The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated. Does this nation consider itself great? References ARORA, N. (2013). On Eating Animals. Humanist, 73(4), 26-31. Editorial Today. (2008). Hobbies and Interests. Factory Farming Pros and Cons. Retrieved from: http://www.streetdirectory.com/etoday/factory-farming-pros-and-cons-awwlc.html Farmsanctuary. (2013). Farming. Retrieved from: http://www.farmsanctuary.org/learn/ factoryfarming/ Long, C. (2000, Nov). Factory farming is fouling our food. Organic Gardening, 47, 12. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/203726517?accountid=32521 OBrien, T., Adock, M., Rifkin, J., Pickard, B. M. (2001, 06). Factory farming and human health. The Ecologist, , 30-34. Retrieved from

Analysis of Performance of Registered Nurse

Analysis of Performance of Registered Nurse INTRODUCTION Critical reflection acts as the precursor for transformative learning, which takes place by altering the level of personal understandings and the behavior (Mezirow, 1990). Critical refection leads to improved learning, assessment and thinking with respect to the system and the society (Smith, 2011). Critical reflection enables an individual to look beyond the horizon and visualize the bigger picture and develop reasonable views about the situation so that the assessment can become easier. Critical reflection is taught in various professional fields, including the health care system. This concept is not just theoretical but requires practical applicability also. Theoretically there are three models for reflecting critically. The first is the Dewey’s model of reflective learning which advocates that knowledge can be obtained by relating the past and present experiences. This approach is referred to as the pragmatic approach. The second model is that of Habermas’, which ad vocates the critical theory behind this approach and demonstrates three areas of knowledge, namely, practical, technical and emancipator. The third and the last model is the Kolb’s model of reflexive learning (Patricia Lucas, 2012). The Australian Nursing Federation’s standards of competency for a nurse have identified r put forward three domains of better level competencies: adaptation of practice, conceptualization of practice and leading on with the practice (Australian Nursing Foundation, 2005). AIM AND OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to critically examine and reflect on my professional skills and performance as a registered nurse, in the domain of adaptation of practice. The paper discusses about the main concept of critical reflection and also the competencies in the aforesaid domain. This essay is written in first person, as it will help in better understanding of the critical competencies possessed by an individual. DESCRIPTION The initial period of working in any professional field is very difficult and tiring. When I started to work as a nurse, in the emergency, I used to work for 6 days a week. The timings were also very stringent, from 8.00 AM till 3.00 PM. The work load was much higher as compared to the task force available. The number of nurses was reduced considerably and the health staff was under continuous stress as they had to cater to so many patients. Another problem faced by the health staff was the duration of stay of the patients and the workload on the emergency section. In my country, general statistics show that patients stayed for minimum two days. With each nurse catering to 6-7 patients at one time, it is nearly impossible to pay adequate attention to each on simultaneously. Plus this increases the work load to a greater extent. Most of the nurses, who worked, just had a diploma in nursing, while I and two others had the bachelor’s degree. This is what distinguished us. We had better theoretical as well as practical skills as compared to them. This plus point kind of added to the workload I had. I was made responsible for all the emergency situations and for looking after the patients who were brought in emergency conditions. One of the main procedures of emergency is suturing. Since suturing requires both practical as well as theoretical skills, I was the one who was given the task of suturing, assessing the wounds of the injured, examining any other damage like that to arteries or tendons or nerve fibers. The morning task was to review all the patients along with the doctors and then for the latter half of the day each nurse was assigned 6 to 7 patients to take care of. OVERVIEW OF CRITICAL REFLECTION Nursing literature frequently mentions about critical reflection but nowhere has this term been defined precisely (McBrien, 2007). Vaguely it has been mentioned as the process of analyzing practice through regulated self reflection (Crowe O’Malley, 2006). Although everybody has the ability to think with a different perspective, the aim of critical reflection is to enhance knowledge and redefine our understanding about self, by increasing self awareness and self consciousness, thereby focusing on the outcomes of our actions (Forrest, 2008). There are too many scenarios in the health care system, where the nurses are exposed to unexplained judgments, interpretations and decisions. To relieve the stress burden from our shoulders, it is important to inculcate critical thinking in our lives. Yes, it is true, critical reflection will give fire to anxiety, conflict and also cause self doubting issues but it will, eventually, alter the professional practice in an affirmative way (Oâ €™Connor, 2008). The new energy within will help in challenging the beliefs and assumption, that already exist and lead to better understanding of the things and thereby bringing about a change for benefit of all. Because of the increase in expectation from the nurses, they face complex demands, change and higher accountability. To comply with such situations, they need to develop skills of thinking on a higher level and improvement in the reasoning abilities (Crowe O’Malley, 2006). SchÓÂ §n (1983) has put forward two major reflections: reflection in action (which occurs when the action is being performed and is a result of thinking critically) and reflection on action (which is reflected after the action has been performed). Reflection in action involves many skills like being a good observer in every situation and trying to learn something out of every situation, interpreting, recording and understanding your feelings and responses to a certain situation and then inter relating your previous experiences, always make yourself counted in the experience via taking a ‘ witness’ stance. On the other hand reflection on action is the most common form of reflection as what you have learnt or understood from your past encounters, all reflects in your future actions (David Somerville, 2004). Critical reflection is important for nurses because they need to incorporate change in their daily interaction, apply and update their professional skills, should develop self awareness and self directedness. They can successfully utilize the opportunities only if they ponder upon the feedback of their interactions and their impact on the patient, their families, colleagues and the health care unit as a whole. Therefore, critical reflection forms the most important ingredient for cooking the recipe of good conduct. DOMAIN OF INTEREST Day by day the complexities of the health care system are increasing. Thus, to meet the requirements various competency standards have been set up for registered nurses for advanced nursing. These competency standards aim to distinguish between the general and advanced nursing practices (Australian Nursing Federation, 2005; International Council of Nurses, 2010). The domain of interest here is the domain of ‘adapting practice’. It contains the competency abilities of advanced registered nurses to comply with and adjust or adapt to the challenging and more complex situations and still yield in better outcomes in terms of services offered (Australian Nursing Federation, 2005). The standards that are set, help in encouraging post graduate education for development in the field of advanced nursing practices and also enable each individual to individually critically analyze their competency in different domains (McGee, 2009). Like every other domain, the domain of adapting pr actice also stresses on understanding and meeting the needs and requirements of the patients who are suffering from complex and critical conditions (competency standard 4). This domain also states that improvement in the predicted outcomes should be made by referring to the past experiences and gathering information from other sources as well (competency standard 6) (Australian Nursing Federation, 2005). This essay also reflects upon the competencies of a registered nurse and the abilities that were utilized during complex and stressful situations. FEELINGS AND THOUGHTS Adaptation to a new environment is extremely difficult and it takes lots of patience and practice to adapt comfortably. I face many challenges in my workplace and earlier found it difficult to adapt. I also felt embarrassed when I needed help and could not ask anybody, fearing that my reputation would go down and that my fellow colleagues would make fun of me. Being equipped with the interpersonal skills, theoretical as well as practical knowledge about taking care of the patients and delivering the best quality of service, enabled me to climb up the ladder of success. Even though earlier it was difficult for me to interact with my fellow colleagues, now I can converse comfortably with anyone including my colleagues, patient, families and other staff members. Most of this was the result of feedback which I received from the patients, who generally praised my ability to empathize with the patients and then cater to their needs. As quoted above, feedback is an essential component for c ritical reflection, the positive feedback that I received from the consumers and my fellow staff members helped me visualize things with a different approach. I started enjoying my work. There were situations when I feared the outcome of some medical action. In my country, there are no rules and regulations pertaining to the safety of the health care professionals. This causes safety issues with the carers. Even I found myself in such situation when the medical practices could not save the life of the patient and his family members were outrageous, blaming the hospital for their loss, intending to burn down the entire building and take revenge. But then one should not be afraid of shadows, as shadows mean there is light somewhere near. There is an instance that reminds me of my good work and better performance as a nurse. I once cared for a boy who had been stabbed in the abdomen. There was profuse bleeding and I had taken every possible measure to stop the blood flow and restore th e consciousness of the boy. Three weeks later, that same boy came with his parents and thanked me for saving his life. Such precious compliments and gratitude’s count a lot in the long run. EVALUATION I realized that during my performance in the hospital, as a registered nurse, I had some positive as well as negative traits. Good command over English language was counted among my positive traits. This enabled me to quickly read and understand the nursing articles written in English. Also since I could understand and associate what was mentioned, I was able to deliver effective care to the patients. Also my expertise in the fields of pathophysiology and emergency skills made me an important person in the hospital. Whenever there was a case of any emergency, I was made responsible to monitor the patient and do the needful. On the contrary, the nurses who lacked the knowledge about emergency skills or were not fluent in English language missed the opportunity. Ching Ying Lee (1998) has reported that nursing practice requires knowledge of proficient English as the nurses should be capable of using medical terms in fluent English. English is the most common language spoken worldwide and therefore, such a language should be known by all in order to address the cross cultural barriers in health care. Not only English is a common language but it has been named as the scientific language worldwide. Therefore, it is essential that all the communications pertaining to the medical condition of the patient, the health care outcomes and the treatment be explained in English to the patient as well as the concerned members (Mylaeus Renggli MI 1998). Another positive point that added to my portfolio was the good interpersonal and communication skills. With these skills I was able to interact efficiently with the staff and the patients as well. In order to deliver better services I followed the rule of empathy. Whenever any new patient was put under my care, I listened to him/ her and tried to picture myself in her/ his situation, so that I can understand better about the current situation of the patient and accordingly provide the guidelines to the family and the other medical staff. Most frequently we were faced with situations in which the burden on the health care unit was so much that all the patients were not being given equal attention, due to lack of task force and increased number of patients. In such cases one or the other patient or the family member would stand and start shouting in anger. I helped in controlling many such situations by calmly making the individual understand our plight and thereby promising him that I will take care of his/ her family member as soon as I get free. I utilized my good communication skills to deal with such patients. It is very important to have good communication skills in order to build trust between the patient and the doctor. It will consequently allow or enable the patient to disclose the information which might prove fruitful. Good communication also motivates the patient to get involved in the decisions related to health care, minimizes the risk of mishaps and errors and eventually enhances the satisfaction level of the patient (NHMRC, 2004). Literature has also shown the importance of understanding the cultural beliefs of the patients and making more accurate and meaningful decisions that are appreciated by the patient and the family both (Lawrence Dyche, 2007). Another important learning from my experience was that knowledge is never enough. Even after being a Bachelor’s degree holder, I found myself lagging behind in the field of pharmacology. Thus, it became the need of the hour for me to undergo a special three months training in this field and then I was all set and comfortable in explaining the patients about different drugs and their prescriptions. Although it is not advisable for the nurses to get into doctor’s role and prescribe drugs t the patients but they should know what different drugs are meant for, so that if the patient has a query related to which drug is administered to him or why it is administered, they should be able to answer them with confidence (Clare Lomas, 2010). One of the negative traits that I discovered within myself was not being able to extract the medical history of the patient. Emergency nurses should possess the skills of physical assessment as well as health history. This lag can be attributed to the overburden and work overload during the emergency situations. Another reason can be the demand for nurses as there had been shortage of nurses since of long time in my hospital. Joann Griff Alspach (2011) has laid forward the importance of knowing the medical history of the patient as well as of his family. This is important because a track record of all the details about the illness that have been occurring in the family can help in predicting the prognosis of the current state of the patient. Also prior information can help the doctors determine the allergies the patient possesses when subjected to certain chemicals or drugs. Another negative quality that I possessed was lack of team spirit. Whenever I had many patients and was overloaded with work, even though I wanted someone to help me, yet I never asked for help. I am now able to realize that team work is essential for efficient working of the team as it enables us to learn something new and benefit from each of the members involved. ANALYSIS My experience, expectations, feedback and results have majorly influenced the knowledge I have gained so far. My skills like being able to communicate proficiently in English and being able to understand the text presented in medical journals, which are generally written in English, has helped me gain recognition and my work has been appreciated by the authorities as well. Communication is an important aspect of health care as it promotes commonality of understanding and meaning (Sonia Allen, 2007). Also my skills like the knowledge of pathophysiology and dealing with patients during emergency situations helped me get positive response from the patients and their family members. Though there are certain negative aspects also, like lack of team spirit and lack of ability to get medical history out from the patient, yet I am happy that I am now able to analyze my performance as a whole and can work in the field of teamwork and improve my traits further. SYNTHESIS RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE PRACTICE I feel that I have precisely highlighted all my strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats pertaining to the nursing practices. According to the standards for practice specified by the Nursing Council, the very first principle to e followed if to respect the individuality and dignity of all the health consumers. Treating with respect means interacting with the consumers in a polite and considerate manner, thereby helping them cope with their deteriorated condition and enable quick recovery. It is important to understand the cultural needs as well and decide upon the course of treatment accordingly. All the registered nurses are expected to work in partnerships as this enhances the working capability and also builds trust among the members of the staff, leaving no scope of discrimination. Another perception of working in partnerships can be with respect to the health consumers. It is important to listen to them, respond to their concerns and acknowledge their preferences as well . It is not necessary to give affirmation to all their preferences but only to those which are practicable. Also, it the responsibility of the nurse to encourage and motivate the consumers by providing them relevant and complete information about their condition, so that they can make decisions independently. Another point to be kept in mind is to respect and allow patient’s privacy and confidentiality. The code of conduct should comprise of integrity so that the consumer’s trust can be justified. Integrity means consistency in the principles and ethics that you follow and not abusing the position held by you or the trust of the authorities. Lastly, all the registered nurses must maintain public confidence and trust in their profession and also maintain the ethics involved (Nursing Counsil, 2011). CONCLUSION The aim of this essay was to provide a detailed outline of the analysis of the performance of a registered nurse, when working in the domain of adapting practice. The basic concept of critical reflection and how it modifies the outlook or the perception has been well explained with the help of live examples.

Poes Fall of The House of Usher - The House and its Inhabitants :: Fall House Usher Essays

The House and its Inhabitants In the story â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†, Poe presents the history of the end of an illustrious family.   As with many of Poe’s stories, setting and mood contribute greatly to the overall tale.   Poe’s descriptions of the house itself as well as the inhabitants thereof invoke in the reader a feeling of gloom and terror.   This can best be seen first by considering Poe’s description of the house and then comparing it to his description of its inhabitants, Roderick and Madeline Usher. Poe uses several descriptive words in his portrayal of the house.   The reader’s first impression of the house comes from a direct observation from the narrator.   This unnamed narrator states, â€Å"†¦ with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable gloom pervaded my spirit.†Ã‚   As the narrator continues to describe the house he uses several similarly dismal adjectives.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The gloom experienced by the narrator is not limited to merely the house itself.   The vegetation, which surrounds the area, is described as â€Å"a few rank sedges and †¦ a few white trunks of decayed trees.†Ã‚   He emphasizes these facets of the house and its environs by restating the descriptions reflected in a â€Å"black and lurid tarn.†Ã‚   The narrator points out that the house seems to be in a dilapidated condition.   While he claims that the house appears structurally sound, he takes time to comment upon â€Å"the crumbling condition of the individual stones.†Ã‚   He also emphasizes the long history of the house by stating that its features recall an â€Å"excessive antiquity.† To of the most striking descriptions used to portray the house are those of the windows and the fissure.   He describes the windows as â€Å"vacant [and] eye-like.†Ã‚   With this description the narrator effectively anthropomorphizes the house.   Thus he almost gives the status of character to the house.   The other outstanding description is that of the fissure.   It is described as â€Å"a barely perceptible fissure, which [extends] from the roof of the building in front, [making] its way down the wall in a zigzag direction, until it [becomes] lost in the sullen waters of the tarn.†Ã‚  Ã‚   It is interesting to note that the narrator spends so much time describing a feature that he describes as barely perceptible. The first of the two Ushers to be introduced to the reader is Roderick.   He is first seen lying upon a couch.

How to Change Bad to Good

In a society where children can no longer be spanked because it's considered child abuse, gun violence is at an all time high, and parents fear what ay happen as they are sending their children off to school, it's difficult to watch the evening news anymore. There was a time where people would leave the house to go to the grocery store for a loaf of bread and leave their doors unlocked. Today, if you leave your doors unlocked, there is a high probability you will be burglarized.What is the world coming to and is the Justice system really serving its purpose if there are so many repeated offenses, and in some cases, repeat offenders? For Assignment One for this week, I shared information about Singapore Criminal Justice System. The information I learned through my research was astounding. Singapore has one of the lowest crime rates in the world and while many feel Singapore punishments are inhumane and extreme, some feel Corporal punishment would allow individuals contemplating crimin al activity to think twice before they act out on impulsion.In 1994, American teenager Michael Fay was caned four strokes and sentenced to four months in Jail for vandalizing cars and public property, despite the United States appeals for a different sentence (The Wall Street Journal, 2010). After the caning and turning to the United States, Michael Fay was involved in a butane accident, burning his face and hands, and was subsequently admitted to the Hazarded rehabilitation program, located in Minnesota, for butane abuse (People Magazine, 1994, pig 60). According to People Magazine (1994), Fay blamed his butane abuse on his experience in Singapore.Following the butane incident, Michael Fay continued his troubles with the law. In Florida in 1996, he was cited for several traffic violations (The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, pig 82) and in 1998, Fay was charged with drug rappelling and possession of marijuana (Askew, 1998, pig 1). Did Fay continue to break the law in the United State s because he knew Corporal Punishment was not an option and his punishment would be much lighter than caning, or can his misdoings' really be a direct correlation to his caning experience?Why do people commit crime? Is there a difference between a man stealing a turkey at Thanksgiving because he is homeless and a man stealing clothing so he can then turn around and sell it to support his bad drug habit? It seems as though there should be a difference, et both men could face the same sentence. There are underlying psychological reasons why people commit crimes, however, some may be more reasonable than others. But then again, who defines reasonable? I believe in order to allow Justice to prevail; you must understand the criminal at hand.Why did the person commit the crime? Is the person a threat to society? Can the person be rehabilitated if given the correct direction and opportunities? Sentences should be appropriate to the crime committed. If a man steals a turkey because he is ho meless and is trying to eat, what DOD is it going to do sending him to Jail when he knows he will be giving a warm place to sleep and food to eat? Wouldn't that antagonize him to continue to steal? Instead of sending him to Jail, send him to work.Order him to pay for what he stole and continue to hold a steady Job so he is able to pay for food, contribute to society and show remorse for the crime committed out of disparity. If a man is stealing clothing to sell it for a drug habit, again, the situation should be assessed. Is he a threat to society and would he continue to steal if his substance abuse problem was obliterated? Instead of sending him to Jail, send him to a rehabilitation center. However, do not send the defendant to rehab for ninety days.If someone has a substance abuse problem severe enough to steal, ninety days is not going to rehabilitate the individual. An extensive rehabilitation program is called for. Repeated offenders are a concern. If the individual did not le arn from their prior punishment, it is obvious there must be some sort of attempt to mislead and commit crimes without being caught. For those individuals, they should be sentenced accordingly, and then sent to the military. The enlisting time should depend on the offense committed and their prior criminal history.As a victim of crime, I understand that Justice is not always served in the way some feel it should be served. For example, there are plenty of homicide cases reported in the news where the accused has been convicted before on murder charges. Why is this person out on the streets? If a person murders someone intentionally, there is absolutely no excuse for why they should be given another chance. I am a big proponent for Capital Punishment. If money takes a life, why should they be allowed to continue their life?There is a local municipal Judge in my area that I have much respect for, as do others in the community. His name is Judge Continent. Judge Continent believes in c reative sentencing. He has sentenced a woman who abandoned kittens in a box in the woods during the winter season to a night spent in the woods. He has sentenced a man who called a police officer a â€Å"pig† to stand on a busy city street corner with an actual pig and a sign that read â€Å"Police Officers are NOT pigs. † It is hard not to laugh at some of Hess sentences, but it does seem very close to the â€Å"eye for an eye† mentality, which I thoroughly support.I believe that if this type of mentality was used when handing down all sentences, the element of suspense and criminals thinking they will get a slap on the wrist will soon disappear. If the sentence is known before the crime is committed, and the sentences are uniform, people may think twice before committing a crime, especially if they know they will be subjected to the same treatment they caused someone else to endure. Is there really a quick fix for the United States Criminal Justice System?

Restatement of Financials

Form 10-Q is lied quarterly by a company and Form 8-K contains current reports that disclose specific events. If a company is audited and weaknesses are found, restatements to these statements may be necessary. In the case of USA Mobility, auditors did identify some areas that warranted a restatement while conducting and audit in the first quarter of 2013 the company's financial statements for the 2012 reporting year.USA Mobility Audit Committee determined through the audit performed that a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting and disclosure was identified within Amoco Software Incorporated that is owned and operated by USA Mobility. Amoco Software was acquired by USA Mobility on March 2, 2011. The auditors revealed Mammon's procedures in place for revenue recognition were poorly designed and did not allow for proper internal controls to be utilized. Revenue was being recognized by the company during quarters when it should not have been recognized.Upon this finding, USA Mobility had to determine the correct timeshare to recognize revenue for its software segment. Prior to the audit, the revenue for software operations was being recognized by using the residual method and the company would recognize revenue for software licenses upon completion of services. The company deemed services complete when the product was available for use by the customer. In addition, the company offered services after installations were completed for up to 90 days. Since the company offers post-install services, revenue recognition should be delayed until after that period expires.This determination was made when reviewing audit findings to erect prior reported revenue. The reported periods affected by this finding were the first three quarters of 2011. USA Mobility issued a press release which contained notification of the restatements for the first three quarters of 2011 and the late filing of the 2011 annual report for the company. Specifically, the compa ny addressed the changes to the financial statements in a press release. The main changes made to the financial statements affected software revenue and total revenue for the company.In the first quarter of 011 , the software segment revenue was adjusted from $4,799,000. 00 down to $2,146,000. 00. That is a decrease of 55%. In the second quarter, the software segment revenue was adjusted from down to $9,435,000. 00. That is a decrease of 28%. In the third quarter, the software segment revenue was adjusted from down to $11,191 ,OHO. O. That a decrease of 13%. USA Mobility also reported adjustments caused by the restatement to its total revenue for 2011. The first quarter revenue of $57,335,000. 00 was decreased by five percent because of the restatement.The second quarter revenue of $65,171 ,OHO. O was decreased by six percent and the third quarter revenue of $61 was decreased by three percent. The collective revenue of $242,907,000. 00 for 2011 was decreased by four percent as a res ult of the company's restatement. USA Mobility balance sheet also had to be adjusted. Deferred revenue was affected during each quarter during 2011. Each quarter showed a higher deferred revenue amount as a result of the correct method the company was using to recognize revenue to remain in compliance.The overall effects of the restatement were limited to the software segment of the company. In turn, these changes also affected the overall revenue numbers and the way the company reports deferred revenue for future purposes. The reduction in revenue did not have a negative impact on stockholders' earnings. The price of stock per share has remained steady prior to and since the announcement. USA Mobility did publish a press release to inform all parties with an interest about measures the company has taken to rectify the situation and will continue to use to remain in compliance for future audits.